Influence of Attitude toward Artificial Intelligence (AI) on Job Performance with AI in Nurses

Abstract

AI has revolutionized the workplace, significantly impacting the nursing profession. Attitudes toward AI, defined as workers’ perceptions and beliefs about its utility and effectiveness, are critical for its adoption and efficient use in clinical settings. Factors such as age, marital status, and education level may influence this relationship, affecting job performance. This study examines the influence of attitude toward AI on job performance with AI among Peruvian nurses, while also assessing how sociodemographic characteristics moderate this relationship. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used with a sample of 249 Peruvian nurses aged 24 to 53 years (M = 35.58, SD = 8.3). Data were collected using two validated scales: the Brief Artificial Intelligence Job Performance Scale (BAIJPS) and the Attitude toward Artificial Intelligence Scale (AIAS-4). Descriptive statistics, Pearson correlations, and multiple linear regression were applied. A significant positive correlation was found between attitude toward AI and job performance with AI (r = 0.43, p < 0.01). Age (β = -0.177, p < 0.05), divorced marital status (β = -8.144, p < 0.01), and having a bachelor’s degree (β = -3.016, p < 0.05) were negatively associated with job performance, while being from the Selva region had a positive effect (β = 4.182, p < 0.05). A favorable attitude toward AI positively influences nurses’ job performance, highlighting the need for interventions that enhance AI perception. Age, marital status, and education moderate this relationship, suggesting AI adoption strategies should be tailored to different demographic groups.

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