ChatGPT for Therapy Conception of Colorectal Cancer: Can Artificial Intelligence Complement a Traditional Tumor Board?

Abstract

Abstract Background Although multidisciplinary tumor boards (MDT) represent the gold standard for decision-making in cancer treatment, they require significant resources and may be susceptible to human bias. Artificial intelligence (AI), particularly large language models such as ChatGPT, has the potential to enhance or optimize the decision-making processes. The present study examines the potential for integrating AI into clinical practice by comparing MDT decisions with those generated by ChatGPT. Aims The aim of this study is to evaluate the concordance between the therapeutic recommendations proposed by a MDT and those generated by a large language model (ChatGPT) for colorectal cancer. Methods A retrospective, monocentric comparative study was conducted involving consecutive patients with newly diagnosed colorectal cancer discussed at our MDT. The pre-therapeutic and post-therapeutic MDT recommendations were compared with those of ChatGPT-4 in respect of concordance. Results In the pre-therapeutic discussions, complete concordance was observed in 72.5% cases, with partial concordance in 10.2% and discordance in 17.3%. For post-therapeutic discussions, the concordance increased to 82.8%. 11.8% of decisions displayed partial concordance, and 5.4% demonstrated discordance. It is noteworthy that discordance was more frequent in patients > 77 years and with ASA ≥ III. Conclusion There is a substantial concordance between the recommendations generated by ChatGPT and those provided by traditional MDT, indicating the potential utility of AI in supporting clinical decision-making for colorectal cancer management.

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