Evaluating the Efficacy of AI-Driven Real-Time Monitoring and Intervention for Managing Body Fluid Imbalances in Sickle Cell Disease in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Randomized Control Trial

Abstract

This study will test a new AI-powered system designed to help manage sickle cell disease (SCD) in Sub-Saharan Africa. SCD is a devastating genetic disorder, and dehydration is a major trigger for painful and dangerous complications called vaso-occlusive crises (VOCs). Current monitoring methods are not effective in regions with limited healthcare access. The main goal is to see if the AI system reduces the number of VOCs requiring medical care over 24 months. Secondary goals include measuring its impact on other complications, quality of life, healthcare costs, and how easy the system is to use. The research will use a randomized controlled trial, the gold standard for testing medical interventions. It will involve 600 participants aged 12-45 from Nigeria, Ghana, and Tanzania. They will be randomly split into two groups. The intervention group will use a special kit that includes wearable sensors (like a smartwatch) to track heart rate and activity, a smart water bottle that measures how much they drink, and a smartphone app. An AI algorithm will analyze this data in real-time to provide personalized hydration alerts. The control group will receive standard education on hydration and use a traditional water bottle and diary. The study is designed for real-world conditions in Africa, with a focus on community input and a system that works even with poor internet. Strengths include its rigorous design and multi-country approach. A key limitation is that participants will know which group they are in. If successful, this research could transform SCD care from reactive to proactive, saving lives and providing a model for managing other diseases in low-resource settings.

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