AI in Dermatology

Abstract

Due to the lack of dermatologists worldwide and the projected future shortages, there is great scope for AI innovations to help address clinical demand and long waiting lists. Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven diagnostic tools have a role to play in both primary care and specialised dermatology centres by enabling the triaging of dermatologic conditions based on their complexity and urgency. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved AI-enabled DermaSensor (January 2024), has enabled the expansion of skin cancer detection beyond traditional specialist settings as it was the first device intended for use by non-specialists. Whilst this raises many questions about scope of practice of non-specialists, clinical oversight, and governance issues integrating into existing workflows, it also highlights the potential for AI-driven tools to facilitate timely referrals to specialists while providing adequate care for less complex cases in primary care settings. This chapter contextualises the impact of the AI-enabled DermaSensor by comparing it with similar medical devices in the clinical department. The broader implications of AI-driven diagnostics on clinical practice, current developments, and regulatory frameworks to consider before implementation are discussed.

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