AI Tools in Plastic Surgery: A Scoping Review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The use and standardization of innovative artificial intelligence (AI) tools continue to grow and have the potential to enhance the field of plastic surgery. Despite the rapid growth of validated AI tools, there remains a need for a consolidated reference summarizing AI applications in plastic surgery. METHODS: A literature search was conducted to identify peer-reviewed articles studying AI tools applied to the fields of plastic surgery. Tools were organized into the fields of clinical efficiency, imaging and documentation, communication and workflow, and research and data analysis. RESULTS: There exists a wide variety of AI tools demonstrating clinical utility. Regarding clinical efficiency, virtual assistants such as AIVA improve patient communication, specifically in accurately answering postoperative questions. Large language models such as DeepSeek support decision-making and reduce documentation burden. AI can significantly improve the creation of 2D and 3D imaging for surgical planning, facial analysis, and volumetric prediction through tools such as Vectra and Crisalix. Tools such as Elicit and OpenEvidence can accelerate literature search, chart review, and data extraction. Lastly, workflow tools including TigerConnect and DAX Copilot can improve communication, and FS-net/FLAPMATE has been able to monitor free flaps with high sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: AI's precision and efficiency at a multitude of clinical and surgical tasks position it as a pivotal tool optimizing patient safety and satisfaction by reducing physician burden and burnout. As AI continues to become more sophisticated and specialized for plastic surgery, these tools will become an integral part of the field, driving safe, efficient, high-quality results for aesthetic and reconstruction procedures.

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