Ethical Aspects of the Usage of Artifi cial Intelligence in the Relationship of the Physician and the Patient (Systematic Review of Foreign Literature)

Abstract

The relevance of the problem is related to the digitalization of the medical fi eld based on qualitatively new approaches to its understanding and perception. The digital environment creates a specifi c space where issues of disease, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment require consideration at the level of digital technologies, which in turn signifi cantly aff ects the relationship between a doctor and a patient. The novelty of the study lies in the analysis of foreign literature from 2019 to 2023 regarding various aspects of medical practice from an ethical per spective, particularly the use of artifi cial intelligence (AI). The aim of the study is to provide an ethical justifi cation for the application of AI in medicine. The hypothesis is based on the assumption that the use of AI in medicine is controversial, particularly regarding the role of physicians in clinical decision-making and the relationship be tween physicians and patients. The materials used included publications posted in the scientometric databases of Springer, Pubmed and Wiley. The research methods are dialectical and simulation modelling which made it possible to identify the ambiguous and contradictory nature of the application of AI in terms of the basic bioeth ical principles. The results of the work showed the use of AI in medicine as a special “problem area” in which the interests of the physician and the interests of the patient are largely transformed through the “prism” of AI, acquiring new qualitative features and content. A general conclusion is made that AI, which is one of the main concepts of digitalization, inevitably raises a number of questions related to the identifi cation of the doctor’s role and responsibilities in their clinical activities and bioethical values in their relationship with patients. The practical signifi cance and prospects of research on this issue are largely related to the need of interaction between repre sentatives of the technical, medical, and humanitarian fi elds of knowledge in developing the conceptual founda tions for the use of AI in medicine. This requires a multifactorial analysis of the possible risks to patients, the like lihood of devaluing the role of the clinical doctor in decision-making, and the dehumanization of the medical fi eld.

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