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Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare: Applications, Benefits, Challenges, and Future Directions
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2
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2026
Jahr
Abstract
Use of artificial intelligence (AI) in healthcare is rapidly transitioning from research prototypes to clinical tools with the potential to assist healthcare professionals and improve patient outcomes. Since AI has the potential to transform healthcare systems all over the world, we are writing this review to provide a structured overview of its current applications, limitations, and future scope. In this work, we have organized current AI applications into three key clinical themes: surgical care, clinical decision support, and specialized applications such as genomic interpretation and digital mental health therapeutics. In parallel, we critically examine persistent challenges to deployment, including issues of interpretability, data quality and representativeness, validation in real-world settings, and unresolved ethical and regulatory questions. Through this review, we aim to provide clinicians, researchers, and policymakers with a consolidated framework for understanding both the potential and the limitations of integrating AI into clinical and surgical practice.
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