ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE GOVERNANCE: LEGAL AND PUBLIC POLICY IMPLICATIONS FOR DATA PRIVACY AND ALGORITHMIC ACCOUNTABILITY

Abstract

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is an explanatory force in modern government and presents fundamental legal and public policy issues concerning data protection and algorithmic accountability. As AI calculations become more deeply embedded in decision-making in healthcare, finance, policing, and public administration, they strain existing regulation to safeguard personal data and promote equity. This research takes into account the function and legal implications of policy in the oversight of AI-based data collection and machine decision-making, particularly the need for effective governance structures that promote transparency, fairness, and accountability. By learning from international models such as the EU's General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and the Draft Artificial Intelligence Act, the study seeks to prove that legislation and ethical codes are capable of encompassing promises of data abuse, discrimination, and bias in algorithmic decision-making within them. The study highlights that optimal AI regulation hinges on marrying innovation with core human rights principles and ensuring technology is leveraged for the greater good without breaching privacy or justice. Strengthening the governing structures, providing assurance mechanisms, and upholding ethical regulation are essential in attaining a balance between society protection and technological advancement.

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